In principle, NO, a specific rehabilitation treatment should be carried out and only if instability persists after this treatment will it be necessary to perform a ligamentoplasty.

However, depending on the sport and the level we want to achieve: sports with breaks, changes of direction, jumping and turning such as football, basketball, handball or elite athletes, surgical intervention is initially considered since we know that with rehabilitation it is very likely that they will not be able to return to their initial level.

Yes, when it occurs after a clear trauma, especially if you are under 60. Otherwise, rehabilitation treatment should be undertaken, and if pain and loss of strength persist, arthroscopic repair should be performed.

In patients over 70 years of age, due to the poorer quality of the tendons, the outcome of surgical treatment is less predictable, and although the rupture can usually be repaired, it is common to suffer a new rupture.

Normal life can be resumed after 6 weeks. It is advisable to avoid contact sports or throwing activities until 4 months.

The risk of suffering a new dislocation is low, between 5-8%, which rises to 20% in cases where there is greater bone injury, usually resulting from multiple episodes of dislocation, so it is not advisable to delay this type of intervention for too long.

The results after a knee arthroplasty are usually good or very good with around 85-90% implant survival at 20 years.

There is a widespread belief that growing pains are painful. The physiological process of normal growth should not be painful. If this is happening frequently, your child should have an orthopedic examination, as they may be experiencing postural problems that are causing these symptoms. Treating these problems is practical and simple and can prevent serious postural issues in adulthood.

Of course, yes, and it’s advisable. It’s recommended to start cycling from 2 months. Swimming and gentle jogging from 3 months. Running at a gentle pace on even terrain from 4 months, increasing the intensity until 6 months. Sports like football, basketball, handball, rugby, squash, tennis, and padel are recommended from 9 months.

If it’s the first time it’s happened, no, unless you’re under 25, do contact or throwing sports, in which case the risk of suffering another dislocation is very high and shoulder arthroscopy is advisable to repair the injury.

Surgical treatment is considered necessary after 3 episodes of shoulder dislocation.

We individualize the indication based on the patient and the activity they need to perform.

The results after knee arthroplasty are usually good or very good, with an implant survival rate of around 85-90% at 20 years. Complications, although very rare, can occur; the most common are:

• Skin or wound complications: Preoperative planning, the surgical technique itself, and good postoperative management are essential to avoid soft tissue complications, especially in high-risk patients and those with previous knee surgeries.
• Infection: Deep infection is one of the most serious complications; infection rates vary between 1% and 2%.

Treating this complication presents a challenge for the orthopedic surgeon, as it is very difficult and lengthy. A thorough understanding of the risk factors is essential for proper prevention and management of the problem.

• Deep vein thrombosis: Venous thrombosis remains one of the most serious complications following hip or knee arthroplasty surgery and is a leading cause of hospital readmission. Strategies to reduce its incidence range from recognizing risk factors and prophylactic heparin treatment to general patient care, the use of regional anesthesia, and early mobilization.
• Patellar Complications: Patellar complications vary between 1% and 10%. Patellar pain after total knee replacement (TKR) can result from the prosthetic design, the surgical technique, or failure to properly reinforce the patella. Symptoms of patellar clicking include pain and an audible sound when the knee is extended between 60° and 30° of flexion.
• Postoperative Stiffness: Knee stiffness or arthrofibrosis is related to multiple factors such as poor joint mobility after surgery, patient characteristics, range of motion before surgery, prosthetic design, surgical technique, or postoperative rehabilitation.
• Persistent Pain and Dissatisfaction: Persistent pain in the anterior aspect is a frequent complaint after a total knee replacement; several studies estimate the number of dissatisfied patients after a knee arthroplasty to be between 13-19% of cases.

While some conditions require surgical treatment from the moment of diagnosis, most musculoskeletal problems are amenable to conservative treatments when detected early, so it is suggested to seek orthopedic evaluation from the onset of the first symptoms.